ࠅࠋࠌࠄ ࠀࠌࠓࠕ ࠀࠇࠕࠉ ࠄࠉࠀ ࠅࠀࠒࠇ ࠀࠕࠄ ࠋࠉ ࠋࠀࠔࠄ ࠅࠏࠕࠄ ࠄࠍࠄ ࠀࠔࠕࠊ ࠒࠇ ࠅࠋࠊ
Gen 12:19 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
ולמה אמרת אחתי היא ואקח אתה לי לאשה ועתה הנה אשתך קח ולך
Gen 12:19 [Masoretic Text]
לָמָ֤ה אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ לִ֖י לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ קַ֥ח וָלֵֽךְ׃
Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so I took her for myself as a wife? And now, here is your wife, take her and go.”
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ולמה | ࠅࠋࠌࠄ | And why |
| 2 | אמרת | ࠀࠌࠓࠕ | did you say |
| 3 | אחתי | ࠀࠇࠕࠉ | my sister |
| 4 | היא | ࠄࠉࠀ | she is |
| 5 | ואקח | ࠅࠀࠒࠇ | and I took |
| 6 | אתה | ࠀࠕࠄ | her |
| 7 | לי | ࠋࠉ | for myself |
| 8 | לאשה | ࠋࠀࠔࠄ | as a wife |
| 9 | ועתה | ࠅࠏࠕࠄ | and now |
| 10 | הנה | ࠄࠍࠄ | behold |
| 11 | אשתך | ࠀࠔࠕࠊ | your wife |
| 12 | קח | ࠒࠇ | take |
| 13 | ולך | ࠅࠋࠊ | and go |
Morphology
- לָמָ֤ה (lamah) – Root: למה (l-m-h); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces Pharaoh’s questioning of Avram’s actions.
- אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙ (amarta) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “did you say”; Notes: Refers to Avram’s statement about Sarai.
- אֲחֹ֣תִי (aḥoti) – Root: אחות (ʾ-ḥ-w-t); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my sister”; Notes: Avram’s false claim about Sarai.
- הִ֔וא (hi) – Root: היא (h-y); Form: Pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “she is”; Notes: Emphasizes Sarai’s identity.
- וָאֶקַּ֥ח (vaʾeqkaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “so I took”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s action based on Avram’s claim.
- אֹתָ֛הּ (otah) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object marker with 3fs suffix; Translation: “her”; Notes: Refers to Sarai.
- לִ֖י (li) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 1cs suffix; Translation: “for myself”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s intent.
- לְאִשָּׁ֑ה (le’ishah) – Root: אשה (ʾ-š-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “as a wife”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh’s taking of Sarai.
- וְעַתָּ֕ה (ve‘attah) – Root: עתה (ʿ-t-h); Form: Conjunction with adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Signals a shift in Pharaoh’s speech.
- הִנֵּ֥ה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (h-n-h); Form: Interjection; Translation: “here is”; Notes: Indicates presentation of Sarai to Avram.
- אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ (ishtekha) – Root: אשה (ʾ-š-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “your wife”; Notes: Acknowledges Sarai’s true relationship to Avram.
- קַ֥ח (qaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “take”; Notes: Pharaoh commands Avram to reclaim Sarai.
- וָלֵֽךְ (valekh) – Root: הלך (h-l-k); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “and go”; Notes: Pharaoh’s dismissal of Avram from Egypt.