ࠊࠉ ࠕࠏࠁࠃ ࠀࠕ ࠄࠀࠃࠌࠄ ࠋࠀ ࠕࠅࠎࠐ ࠕࠕ ࠊࠇࠄ ࠋࠊ ࠍࠏ ࠅࠍࠃ ࠕࠄࠉࠄ ࠁࠀࠓࠑ
Gen 4:12 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
כי תעבד את האדמה לא תוסף תת כחה לך נע ונד תהיה בארץ׃
Gen 4:12 [Masoretic Text]
כִּ֤י תַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה לֹֽא־תֹסֵ֥ף תֵּת־כֹּחָ֖הּ לָ֑ךְ נָ֥ע וָנָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה בָאָֽרֶץ׃
Gen 4:12 [Samaritan Targum]
הלא תפלח ית אדמתה לא תוזף למהב לך כחוה כלי וטמי תהי בארעה:
When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its strength to you. You will be a wanderer and a fugitive on the earth.
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כי | ࠊࠉ | When |
| 2 | תעבד | ࠕࠏࠁࠃ | You work |
| 3 | את | ࠀࠕ | (direct object marker) |
| 4 | האדמה | ࠄࠀࠃࠌࠄ | The ground |
| 5 | לא | ࠋࠀ | It will not |
| 6 | תוסף | ࠕࠅࠎࠐ | Yield its strength |
| 7 | תת | ࠕࠕ | Give |
| 8 | כחה | ࠊࠇࠄ | Its strength |
| 9 | לך | ࠋࠊ | To you |
| 10 | נע | ࠍࠏ | A wanderer |
| 11 | ונד | ࠅࠍࠃ | And a fugitive |
| 12 | תהיה | ࠕࠄࠉࠄ | You shall be |
| 13 | בארץ | ࠁࠀࠓࠑ | In the land |
Morphology
- כִּ֤י (kî) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “When”; Notes: Introduces the conditional clause.
- תַֽעֲבֹד֙ (taʿăḇōḏ) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Qal imperfect, second masculine singular; Translation: “you work”; Notes: Refers to manual labor on the ground.
- אֶת־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה (ʾeṯ-hāʾăḏāmāh) – Root: אדמה (ʾ-d-m-h); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, singular feminine with definite article ה; Translation: “the ground”; Notes: Indicates the object of labor.
- לֹֽא־תֹסֵ֥ף (lōʾ-tōsēp) – Root: יסף (y-s-p); Form: Qal imperfect, third feminine singular with negation לֹא; Translation: “it will no longer”; Notes: Describes the cessation of the ground’s productivity.
- תֵּת־כֹּחָ֖הּ (tēṯ-kōḥāh) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Infinitive construct תֵת + noun, singular masculine with third feminine singular suffix; Translation: “yield its strength”; Notes: Refers to the ground’s ability to produce crops.
- לָ֑ךְ (lāḵ) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition לְ + second masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the ground’s labor.
- נָ֥ע (nāʿ) – Root: נוע (n-w-ʿ); Form: Adjective, singular masculine; Translation: “a wanderer”; Notes: Describes Cain’s state of instability.
- וָנָ֖ד (wānāḏ) – Root: נדד (n-d-d); Form: Conjunction וָ + adjective, singular masculine; Translation: “and a fugitive”; Notes: Indicates Cain’s unsettled and rootless condition.
- תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה (tihyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect, second masculine singular; Translation: “you will be”; Notes: Refers to Cain’s future state.
- בָאָֽרֶץ (bāʾāreṣ) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, singular feminine with preposition ב; Translation: “on the earth”; Notes: Indicates the place of Cain’s wandering.