ࠅࠉࠀࠌࠓ ࠉࠄࠅࠄ ࠀࠋࠄࠉࠌ ࠄࠍ ࠄࠀࠃࠌ ࠄࠉࠄ ࠊࠀࠇࠃ ࠌࠌࠍࠅ ࠋࠃࠏࠕ ࠈࠅࠁ ࠅࠓࠏ ࠅࠏࠕࠄ ࠐࠍ ࠉࠔࠋࠇ ࠉࠃࠅ ࠅࠋࠒࠇ ࠂࠌ ࠌࠏࠑ ࠄࠇࠉࠉࠌ ࠅࠀࠊࠋ ࠅࠇࠉ ࠋࠏࠅࠋࠌ
Gen 3:22 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
ויאמר יהוה אלהים הן האדם היה כאחד ממנו לדעת טוב ורע ועתה פן ישלח ידו ולקח גם מעץ החיים ואכל וחי לעולם׃
Gen 3:22 [Masoretic Text]
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֗ים הֵ֤ן הָֽאָדָם֙ הָיָה֙ כְּאַחַ֣ד מִמֶּ֔נּוּ לָדַ֖עַת טֹ֣וב וָרָ֑ע וְעַתָּ֣ה פֶּן־יִשְׁלַ֣ח יָדֹ֗ו וְלָקַח֙ גַּ֚ם מֵעֵ֣ץ הַֽחַיִּ֔ים וְאָכַ֖ל וָחַ֥י לְעֹלָֽם׃
Gen 3:22 [Samaritan Targum]
ואמר יהוה אלהים הן האדם הוה כסקוף מנה חכם טב וביש וכדו כד יושט אדה ויסב אף מן עילן חייה וייכל וחי וחף לעלם:
And YHWH God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of Us, knowing good and evil. And now, lest he reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life, and eat, and live forever.”
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ויאמר | ࠅࠉࠀࠌࠓ | And He said |
| 2 | יהוה | ࠉࠄࠅࠄ | YHWH |
| 3 | אלהים | ࠀࠋࠄࠉࠌ | God |
| 4 | הן | ࠄࠍ | Behold |
| 5 | האדם | ࠄࠀࠃࠌ | The man |
| 6 | היה | ࠄࠉࠄ | Has become |
| 7 | כאחד | ࠊࠀࠇࠃ | Like one |
| 8 | ממנו | ࠌࠌࠍࠅ | Of us |
| 9 | לדעת | ࠋࠃࠏࠕ | To know |
| 10 | טוב | ࠈࠅࠁ | Good |
| 11 | ורע | ࠅࠓࠏ | And evil |
| 12 | ועתה | ࠅࠏࠕࠄ | And now |
| 13 | פן | ࠐࠍ | Lest |
| 14 | ישלח | ࠉࠔࠋࠇ | He stretches out |
| 15 | ידו | ࠉࠃࠅ | His hand |
| 16 | ולקח | ࠅࠋࠒࠇ | And takes |
| 17 | גם | ࠂࠌ | Also |
| 18 | מעץ | ࠌࠏࠑ | From the tree |
| 19 | החיים | ࠄࠇࠉࠉࠌ | Of life |
| 20 | ואכל | ࠅࠀࠊࠋ | And eats |
| 21 | וחי | ࠅࠇࠉ | And lives |
| 22 | לעולם | ࠋࠏࠅࠋࠌ | Forever |
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (wayyōmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past), third masculine singular; Translation: “And said”; Notes: Indicates direct speech from God.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֱלֹהִ֗ים (ʾĕlōhîm) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun, plural masculine; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to divine authority.
- הֵ֤ן (hēn) – Root: הן (h-n); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Used to call attention to the following statement.
- הָֽאָדָם֙ (hāʾādām) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun, singular masculine with definite article ה; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Refers to humanity collectively or Adam specifically.
- הָיָה֙ (hāyāh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “has become”; Notes: Indicates a completed action.
- כְּאַחַ֣ד (kəʾaḥaḏ) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “like one”; Notes: Suggests similarity or comparison.
- מִמֶּ֔נּוּ (mimmēnnu) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition מִן + third masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of Us”; Notes: Refers to God and possibly the divine council.
- לָדַ֖עַת (lāḏaʿaṯ) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition לְ; Translation: “to know”; Notes: Indicates the purpose or result of becoming like God.
- טֹ֣וב (ṭōḇ) – Root: טוב (ṭ-w-b); Form: Adjective, singular masculine; Translation: “good”; Notes: Used to contrast with “evil.”
- וָרָ֑ע (wāraʿ) – Root: רע (r-ʿ); Form: Conjunction וָ + adjective, singular masculine; Translation: “and evil”; Notes: Indicates moral discernment.
- וְעַתָּ֣ה (wəʿattāh) – Root: עתה (ʿ-t-h); Form: Conjunction וְ + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Marks a transition to the next point.
- פֶּן־יִשְׁלַ֣ח (pen-yišlaḥ) – Root: שלח (š-l-ḥ); Form: Conjunction פֶּן + Qal imperfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “lest he reach out”; Notes: Introduces a potential negative outcome.
- יָדֹ֗ו (yāḏōw) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, singular feminine construct + third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his hand”; Notes: Refers to Adam’s action.
- וְלָקַח֙ (wəlāqaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and take”; Notes: Describes a potential action.
- גַּ֚ם (gam) – Root: גם (g-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Emphasizes the additional act of taking from the tree of life.
- מֵעֵ֣ץ (mēʿēṣ) – Root: עץ (ʿ-ṣ); Form: Preposition מִן + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “from the tree”; Notes: Refers to the tree of life.
- הַֽחַיִּ֔ים (haḥayyîm) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Noun, plural masculine with definite article ה; Translation: “of life”; Notes: Specifies the unique tree in the garden.
- וְאָכַ֖ל (wəʾāḵal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and eat”; Notes: Describes the act of eating from the tree.
- וָחַ֥י (wāḥay) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular with conjunction וָ; Translation: “and live”; Notes: Refers to the consequence of eating from the tree of life.
- לְעֹלָֽם (le-o-lam) – Root: עלם (olam); Form: noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Indicates the eternal nature of life resulting from eating the tree’s fruit.