ࠀࠕ ࠊࠃࠓ ࠋࠏࠌࠓ ࠌࠋࠊ ࠏࠉࠋࠌ ࠅࠕࠃࠏࠋ ࠌࠋࠊ ࠂࠅࠉࠌ ࠅࠀࠌࠓࠐࠋ ࠌࠋࠊ ࠔࠍࠏࠓ ࠅࠀࠓࠉࠅࠊ ࠌࠋࠊ ࠀࠋࠎࠓ ࠀࠓࠁࠏࠄ ࠌࠋࠊࠉࠌ ࠀࠕ ࠄࠇࠌࠔࠄ
Gen 14:9 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
את כדר לעמר מלך עילם ותדעל מלך גוים ואמרפל מלך שנער ואריוך מלך אלסר ארבעה מלכים את החמשה
Gen 14:9 [Masoretic Text]
אֵ֣ת כְּדָרְלָעֹ֜מֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ עֵילָ֗ם וְתִדְעָל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ גֹּויִ֔ם וְאַמְרָפֶל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ שִׁנְעָ֔ר וְאַרְיֹ֖וךְ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶלָּסָ֑ר אַרְבָּעָ֥ה מְלָכִ֖ים אֶת־הַחֲמִשָּֽׁה׃
Kedarlaʿomer, king of ʿElam, and Tidʿal, king of Goyim, and Amrafel, king of Shinar, and Aryokh, king of Ellasar, four kings against the five.
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | את | ࠀࠕ | (direct object marker) |
| 2 | כדרלעמר | ࠊࠃࠓ ࠋࠏࠌࠓ | Chedorlaomer |
| 3 | מלך | ࠌࠋࠊ | King of |
| 4 | עילם | ࠏࠉࠋࠌ | Elam |
| 5 | ותדעל | ࠅࠕࠃࠏࠋ | and Tidal |
| 6 | מלך | ࠌࠋࠊ | King of |
| 7 | גוים | ࠂࠅࠉࠌ | nations |
| 8 | ואמרפל | ࠅࠀࠌࠓࠐࠋ | and Amraphel |
| 9 | מלך | ࠌࠋࠊ | King of |
| 10 | שנער | ࠔࠍࠏࠓ | Shinar |
| 11 | ואריוך | ࠅࠀࠓࠉࠅࠊ | and Arioch |
| 12 | מלך | ࠌࠋࠊ | King of |
| 13 | אלסר | ࠀࠋࠎࠓ | Ellasar |
| 14 | ארבעה | ࠀࠓࠁࠏࠄ | four |
| 15 | מלכים | ࠌࠋࠊࠉࠌ | kings |
| 16 | את | ࠀࠕ | against |
| 17 | החמשה | ࠄࠇࠌࠔࠄ | the five |
Morphology
- אֵ֣ת (et) – Root: את (et); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “Kedarlaʿomer”; Notes: Introduces the direct object, the name of the first king.
- כְּדָרְלָעֹ֜מֶר (Kedarlaʿomer) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Kedarlaʿomer”; Notes: Identifies the king of ʿElam.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ עֵילָ֗ם (melek ʿElam) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “king of ʿElam”; Notes: Describes Kedarlaʿomer’s position.
- וְתִדְעָל֙ (ve-Tidʿal) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “and Tidʿal”; Notes: The second king listed.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ גֹּויִ֔ם (melek Goyim) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “king of Goyim”; Notes: Indicates Tidʿal’s title and territory.
- וְאַמְרָפֶל֙ (ve-Amraphel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “and Amraphel”; Notes: The third king mentioned.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ שִׁנְעָ֔ר (melek Shinar) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “king of Shinar”; Notes: Specifies Amraphel’s kingdom.
- וְאַרְיֹ֖וךְ (ve-Aryokh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “and Aryokh”; Notes: Fourth king listed.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶלָּסָ֑ר (melek Ellasar) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “king of Ellasar”; Notes: Aryokh’s title and domain.
- אַרְבָּעָ֥ה מְלָכִ֖ים (arbaʿah melakhim) – Root: ארבע (arba); Form: Adjective, masculine plural modifying noun; Translation: “four kings”; Notes: Summarizes the group of four kings.
- אֶת־הַחֲמִשָּֽׁה (et-haḥamishah) – Root: חמש (ḥamesh); Form: Direct object marker with numeral, masculine plural; Translation: “against the five”; Notes: Indicates the opposition of four kings against five.