ࠅࠏࠕࠄ ࠀࠓࠅࠓ ࠀࠕࠄ ࠌࠍ ࠄࠀࠃࠌࠄ ࠀࠔࠓ ࠐࠑࠕࠄ ࠀࠕ ࠐࠉࠄ ࠋࠒࠇࠕ ࠀࠕ ࠃࠌ ࠀࠇࠉࠊ ࠌࠉࠃࠊ
Gen 4:11 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
ועתה ארור אתה מן האדמה אשר פצתה את פיה לקחת את דמ אחיך מידך׃
Gen 4:11 [Masoretic Text]
וְעַתָּ֖ה אָר֣וּר אָ֑תָּה מִן־הָֽאֲדָמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פָּצְתָ֣ה אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ לָקַ֛חַת אֶת־דְּמֵ֥י אָחִ֖יךָ מִיָּדֶֽךָ׃
Gen 4:11 [Samaritan Targum]
וכדו לוט את אדמתה דפתחת ית פמה למסב ית דם תלימך מן אדך:
And now, you are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ועתה | ࠅࠏࠕࠄ | And now |
| 2 | ארור | ࠀࠓࠅࠓ | cursed |
| 3 | אתה | ࠀࠕࠄ | you |
| 4 | מן | ࠌࠍ | from |
| 5 | האדמה | ࠄࠀࠃࠌࠄ | the ground |
| 6 | אשר | ࠀࠔࠓ | which |
| 7 | פצתה | ࠐࠑࠕࠄ | has opened |
| 8 | את | ࠀࠕ | (direct object marker) |
| 9 | פיה | ࠐࠉࠄ | its mouth |
| 10 | לקחת | ࠋࠒࠇࠕ | to receive |
| 11 | את | ࠀࠕ | (direct object marker) |
| 12 | דמי | ࠃࠌ | the blood of |
| 13 | אחיך | ࠀࠇࠉࠊ | your brother |
| 14 | מידך | ࠌࠉࠃࠊ | from your hand |
Morphology
- וְעַתָּ֖ה (wəʿattāh) – Root: עתה (ʿ-t-h); Form: Conjunction וְ + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Indicates the consequence following the previous statement.
- אָר֣וּר (ʾārūr) – Root: ארר (ʾ-r-r); Form: Qal passive participle, singular masculine; Translation: “cursed”; Notes: Refers to being under a divine curse.
- אָ֑תָּה (ʾattāh) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun, singular masculine; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to Cain.
- מִן־הָֽאֲדָמָה֙ (min-hāʾăḏāmāh) – Root: אדמה (ʾ-d-m-h); Form: Preposition מִן־ + noun, singular feminine with definite article ה; Translation: “from the ground”; Notes: Indicates the source of the curse.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾăšer) – Root: Relative pronoun; Form: Particle; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause describing the ground.
- פָּצְתָ֣ה (pāṣṯāh) – Root: פצה (p-ṣ-h); Form: Qal perfect, third feminine singular; Translation: “has opened”; Notes: Describes the ground’s action.
- אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ (ʾeṯ-pîhā) – Root: פה (p-h); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, singular masculine with third feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its mouth”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to the ground.
- לָקַ֛חַת (lāqaḥaṯ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition ל; Translation: “to receive”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the ground opening its mouth.
- אֶת־דְּמֵ֥י (ʾeṯ-dəmei) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, plural construct; Translation: “the blood of”; Notes: Refers to the shed blood of Abel.
- אָחִ֖יךָ (ʾāḥîḵā) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Noun, singular masculine with second masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your brother”; Notes: Identifies the victim.
- מִיָּדֶֽךָ (miyyāḏeḵā) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition מִן־ + noun, dual construct with second masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from your hand”; Notes: Indicates Cain’s responsibility for the bloodshed.
Critical Apparatus :
De Rossi Gen 4:11