Genesis 9:23

ࠅࠉࠒࠇ ࠔࠌ ࠅࠉࠐࠕ ࠀࠕ ࠄࠔࠌࠋࠄ ࠅࠉࠔࠌࠅ ࠏࠋ ࠔࠊࠌ ࠔࠍࠉࠄࠌ ࠅࠉࠋࠊࠅ ࠀࠇࠓࠍࠉࠕ ࠅࠉࠊࠎࠅ ࠀࠕ ࠏࠓࠅࠕ ࠀࠁࠉࠄࠌ ࠅࠐࠍࠉࠄࠌ ࠀࠇࠓࠍࠉࠕ ࠅࠏࠓࠅࠕ ࠀࠁࠉࠄࠌ ࠋࠀ ࠓࠀࠅ

Gen. 9:23 [Samaritan Pentateuch]

ויקח שם ויפת את השמלה וישמו על שכם שניהם וילכו אחרנית ויכסו את ערות אביהם ופניהם אחרנית וערות אביהם לא ראו׃

Gen. 9:23 [Masoretic Text]

וַיִּקַּח֩ שֵׁ֨ם וָיֶ֜פֶת אֶת־הַשִּׂמְלָ֗ה וַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּ֙ עַל־שְׁכֶ֣ם שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ אֲחֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית וַיְכַסּ֕וּ אֵ֖ת עֶרְוַ֣ת אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וּפְנֵיהֶם֙ אֲחֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית וְעֶרְוַ֥ת אֲבִיהֶ֖ם לֹ֥א רָאֽוּ׃

And Šēm and Yafet took the garment, and they placed it upon both of their shoulders, and they walked backward and covered the nakedness of their father. Their faces were turned backward, and they did not see their father’s nakedness.

Morphology

1. וַיִּקַּח֩ (wayyiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “and he took”; Notes: Refers to the joint action of Šēm and Yafet.
2. שֵׁ֨ם (šēm) – Root: שם (š-m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Šēm”; Notes: The eldest son of Noaḥ.
3. וָיֶ֜פֶת (wāyepeṯ) – Root: יפת (y-p-t); Form: Proper noun with conjunction ו; Translation: “and Yafet”; Notes: Another son of Noaḥ.
4. אֶת־הַשִּׂמְלָ֗ה (ʾeṯ-haśśimlāh) – Root: שמלה (ś-m-l-h); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, singular feminine with definite article; Translation: “the garment”; Notes: Refers to a piece of clothing used to cover Noaḥ.
5. וַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּ֙ (wayyāśîmū) – Root: שׂים (ś-y-m); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect, third masculine plural; Translation: “and they placed”; Notes: Indicates the shared action of Šēm and Yafet.
6. עַל־שְׁכֶ֣ם שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם (ʿal-šəḵem šənêhem) – Root: שכם (š-ḵ-m); Form: Preposition עַל + noun, singular masculine in construct with dual noun; Translation: “upon both of their shoulders”; Notes: Describes the method of carrying the garment.
7. וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ (wayyēlḵū) – Root: הלך (h-l-ḵ); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect, third masculine plural; Translation: “and they walked”; Notes: Describes the careful movement of Šēm and Yafet.
8. אֲחֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית (ʾăḥōrannîṯ) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Adverb; Translation: “backward”; Notes: Indicates their intentional avoidance of seeing their father.
9. וַיְכַסּ֕וּ (wayəḵassū) – Root: כסה (k-s-h); Form: Piel consecutive imperfect, third masculine plural; Translation: “and they covered”; Notes: Refers to their action of covering their father’s nakedness.
10. אֵ֖ת עֶרְוַ֣ת אֲבִיהֶ֑ם (ʾēṯ ʿerwat ʾăḇîhem) – Root: ערה (ʿ-r-h) + אב (ʾ-b); Form: Direct object marker אֵת + noun construct phrase; Translation: “the nakedness of their father”; Notes: Indicates the object of their action.
11. וּפְנֵיהֶם֙ (ūpənêhem) – Root: פנים (p-n-y); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun, plural masculine with third masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their faces”; Notes: Emphasizes their deliberate avoidance of looking.
12. לֹ֥א רָאֽוּ (lō rāʾū) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Negative particle לֹא + Qal perfect, third masculine plural; Translation: “did not see”; Notes: Indicates their success in avoiding their father’s nakedness.