Genesis 25:6

Gen. 25:6 [Samaritan Pentateuch]

ולבני הפלגשים אשר לאברהם נתן אברהם מתנות וישלחם מעל יצחק בנו בעודנו חי קדמה אל ארץ קדםה

Gen. 25:6 [Masoretic Text]

וְלִבְנֵ֤י הַפִּֽילַגְשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם נָתַ֥ן אַבְרָהָ֖ם מַתָּנֹ֑ות וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵ֞ם מֵעַ֨ל יִצְחָ֤ק בְּנֹו֙ בְּעֹודֶ֣נּּוּ חַ֔י קֵ֖דְמָה אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ קֶֽדֶם׃

But to the sons of the concubines whom Avraham had, Avraham gave gifts, and he sent them away from Yitsḥaq his son while he was still alive, eastward, to the land of the east.

Morphology

1. וְלִבְנֵ֤י (velivnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Conjunction + noun, mp construct; Translation: “But to the sons of”; Notes: Indicates a specific relationship.
2. הַפִּֽילַגְשִׁים֙ (hapilagshim) – Root: פלגש (p-l-g-sh); Form: Noun, fp definite; Translation: “the concubines”; Notes: Refers to secondary wives or concubines of Avraham.
3. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative particle; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
4. לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם (leAvraham) – Root: אברם (ʾ-v-r-m); Form: Proper noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “to Avraham”; Notes: Marks possession.
5. נָתַ֥ן (natan) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, qal, 3ms perfect; Translation: “he gave”; Notes: Action of giving gifts.
6. מַתָּנֹ֑ות (mattanot) – Root: מתן (m-t-n); Form: Noun, fp absolute; Translation: “gifts”; Notes: Plural emphasizes multiple items.
7. וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵ֞ם (vayeshallḥem) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, wayyiqtol, piel, 3ms with 3mp suffix; Translation: “and he sent them”; Notes: Piel form intensifies the action. The sending away of the other sons ensures the exclusive inheritance of Yitsḥaq, fulfilling the covenantal promises.
8. מֵעַ֨ל (meʿal) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition; Translation: “away from”; Notes: Indicates separation.
9. יִצְחָ֤ק (Yitsḥaq) – Root: צחק (ṣ-ḥ-q); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: The covenantal son of Avraham. This verse emphasizes Avraham’s distinction between Yitsḥaq, the heir of the covenant, and the other sons of his concubines.
10. בְּנֹו֙ (bno) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, ms construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his son”; Notes: Denotes filial relationship.
11. בְּעֹודֶ֣נּּוּ (beʿodennu) – Root: עוד (ʿ-w-d); Form: Preposition + participle, ms with 3ms suffix; Translation: “while he was still”; Notes: Temporal clause.
12. חַ֔י (ḥay) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “alive”; Notes: Refers to Avraham’s lifetime.
13. קֵ֖דְמָה (qedmah) – Root: קדם (q-d-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “eastward”; Notes: Indicates direction. “Eastward” (קֵדְמָה) reflects the geographical and symbolic separation of these sons from Yitsḥaq’s inheritance.
14. אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ קֶֽדֶם (ʾel-ʾerets qedem) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ), קדם (q-d-m); Form: Preposition + noun, fs absolute + noun, ms absolute; Translation: “to the land of the east”; Notes: Indicates the destination of Avraham’s other sons.