Genesis 25:3

Gen. 25:3 [Samaritan Pentateuch]

ויקשן ילד את שבא ואת דדן ובני דדן היו אשורם ולטשים ולאמים

Gen. 25:3 [Masoretic Text]

וְיָקְשָׁ֣ן יָלַ֔ד אֶת־שְׁבָ֖א וְאֶת־דְּדָ֑ן וּבְנֵ֣י דְדָ֔ן הָי֛וּ אַשּׁוּרִ֥ם וּלְטוּשִׁ֖ים וּלְאֻמִּֽים׃

And Yoqshan begot Sheva and Dedan, and the sons of Dedan were Ashurim, and Letushim, and Leummim.

Morphology

1. וְיָקְשָׁ֣ן (veyoqshan) – Root: יקש (y-q-š); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “And Yoqshan”; Notes: Refers to the son of Qeturah and Avraham. The verse elaborates on Yoqshan’s lineage, listing his sons and the subgroups descended from Dedan.
2. יָלַ֔ד (yalad) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Verb, Qal, 3ms, perfect; Translation: “begot”; Notes: Indicates that Yoqshan fathered children.
3. אֶת־שְׁבָ֖א (et-sheva) – Root: שׁבע (š-b-ʿ); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Sheva”; Notes: First son of Yoqshan mentioned.
4. וְאֶת־דְּדָ֑ן (ve’et-dedan) – Root: דדן (d-d-n); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Dedan”; Notes: Second son of Yoqshan mentioned.
5. וּבְנֵ֣י דְדָ֔ן (uvene dedan) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + Proper noun; Translation: “And the sons of Dedan”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Dedan.
6. הָי֛וּ (hayu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, 3mp, perfect; Translation: “were”; Notes: Indicates existence or lineage.
7. אַשּׁוּרִ֥ם (ashurim) – Root: אשור (ʾ-š-w-r); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Ashurim”; Notes: First subgroup of Dedan’s descendants. Ashurim, Letushim, and Leummim are presented as distinct groups, likely clans or tribes.
8. וּלְטוּשִׁ֖ים (uletushim) – Root: לטש (l-ṭ-š); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Letushim”; Notes: Second subgroup of Dedan’s descendants.
9. וּלְאֻמִּֽים (uleummim) – Root: אום (ʾ-w-m); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Leummim”; Notes: Third subgroup of Dedan’s descendants.