ࠏࠋ ࠊࠍ ࠒࠓࠀ ࠔࠌࠄ ࠁࠁࠋ ࠊࠉ ࠔࠌ ࠁࠋࠋ ࠉࠄࠅࠄ ࠀࠕ ࠔࠐࠕ ࠊࠋ ࠄࠀࠓࠑ ࠅࠌࠔࠌ ࠄࠐࠉࠑࠌ ࠉࠄࠅࠄ ࠏࠋ ࠐࠍࠉ ࠊࠋ ࠄࠀࠓࠑ
Gen 11:9 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
על כן קרא שמה בבל כי שם בלל יהוה את שפת כל הארץ ומשם הפיצם יהוה על פני כל הארץ׃
Gen 11:9 [Masoretic Text]
עַל־כֵּ֞ן קָרָ֤א שְׁמָהּ֙ בָּבֶ֔ל כִּי־שָׁ֛ם בָּלַ֥ל יְהוָ֖ה שְׂפַ֣ת כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וּמִשָּׁם֙ הֱפִיצָ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה עַל־פְּנֵ֖י כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ פ
Therefore its name was called Bavel, because there YHWH confused the language of all the earth, and from there YHWH scattered them over the face of all the earth.
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | על | ࠏࠋ | Therefore |
| 2 | כן | ࠊࠍ | ” “ |
| 3 | קרא | ࠒࠓࠀ | called |
| 4 | שמה | ࠔࠌࠄ | its name |
| 5 | בבל | ࠁࠁࠋ | Babel |
| 6 | כי | ࠊࠉ | Because |
| 7 | שם | ࠔࠌ | there |
| 8 | בלל | ࠁࠋࠋ | He confused |
| 9 | יהוה | ࠉࠄࠅࠄ | YHWH |
| 10 | את | ࠀࠕ | (direct object marker) |
| 11 | שפת | ࠔࠐࠕ | language |
| 12 | כל | ࠊࠋ | all |
| 13 | הארץ | ࠄࠀࠓࠑ | the earth |
| 14 | ומשם | ࠅࠌࠔࠌ | and from there |
| 15 | הפיצם | ࠄࠐࠉࠑࠌ | He scattered them |
| 16 | יהוה | ࠉࠄࠅࠄ | YHWH |
| 17 | על | ࠏࠋ | over |
| 18 | פני | ࠐࠍࠉ | the face of |
| 19 | כל | ࠊࠋ | all |
| 20 | הארץ | ࠄࠀࠓࠑ | the earth |
Morphology
- עַל־כֵּ֞ן (ʿal-kēn) – Root: על + כן (ʿ-l + k-n); Form: Preposition + adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Indicates the reason for the naming.
- קָרָ֤א (qārāʾ) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “he called”; Notes: Refers to the act of naming.
- שְׁמָהּ֙ (šəmāh) – Root: שם (š-m); Form: Noun singular feminine with third feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its name”; Notes: Refers to the city being named.
- בָּבֶ֔ל (Bāḇel) – Root: בלל (b-l-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Babel”; Notes: Derived from the root meaning “to confuse.”
- כִּי־שָׁ֛ם (kî-šām) – Root: כי + שם (k-y + š-m); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “because there”; Notes: Provides the explanation for the naming.
- בָּלַ֥ל (bālal) – Root: בלל (b-l-l); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “he confused”; Notes: Refers to the action of mixing or confounding languages.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (Y-H-W-H); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: The divine name.
- שְׂפַ֣ת (śəpaṯ) – Root: שׂפה (ś-p-h); Form: Noun singular feminine construct; Translation: “language”; Notes: Refers to the medium of speech.
- כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ (kāl-hāʾāreṣ) – Root: כל + ארץ (k-l + ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun singular feminine with definite article; Translation: “all the earth”; Notes: Denotes the whole inhabited world.
- וּמִשָּׁם֙ (ūmiššām) – Root: מן + שם (m-n + š-m); Form: Preposition מן + שם; Translation: “and from there”; Notes: Indicates the starting point of the scattering.
- הֱפִיצָ֣ם (hep̄îṣām) – Root: פוץ (p-w-ṣ); Form: Hiphil perfect, third masculine singular with third masculine plural suffix; Translation: “he scattered them”; Notes: Describes the dispersal caused by the LORD.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (Y-H-W-H); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: The divine name repeated for emphasis.
- עַל־פְּנֵ֖י (ʿal-pənê) – Root: על + פנים (ʿ-l + p-n-y); Form: Preposition על + noun plural construct; Translation: “over the face of”; Notes: Refers to the entire surface.
- כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ (kāl-hāʾāreṣ) – Root: כל + ארץ (k-l + ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun singular feminine with definite article; Translation: “all the earth”; Notes: The domain of the scattering.