Genesis 4:8

ࠅࠉࠀࠌࠓ ࠒࠉࠍ ࠀࠋ ࠄࠁࠋ ࠀࠇࠉࠅ ࠍࠋࠊࠄ ࠄࠔࠃࠄ ࠅࠉࠄࠉ ࠁࠄࠉࠅࠕࠌ ࠁࠔࠃࠄ ࠅࠉࠒࠌ ࠒࠉࠍ ࠀࠋ ࠄࠁࠋ ࠀࠇࠉࠅ ࠅࠉࠄࠓࠂࠄࠅ

Gen 4:8 [Samaritan Pentateuch]

ויאמר קין אל הבל אחיו נלכה השדה ויהי בהיותם בשדה ויקם קין אל הבל אחיו ויהרגהו׃

Gen 4:8 [Masoretic Text]

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר קַ֖יִן אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יו וַֽיְהִי֙ בִּהְיֹותָ֣ם בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּ֥קָם קַ֛יִן אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל אָחִ֖יו וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ׃

Gen 4:8 [Samaritan Targum]

ואמר קין אל הבל תלימה נהלך לברה והוה בהוהון בברה וקעם קין אל הבל תלימה וקטלה:

And Qayin said to Hevel his brother, “Let us go to the field.” And it came to pass when they were in the field, Qayin rose up against Hevel his brother and killed him.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֥אמֶר (wayyōmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (past narrative), third masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Cain’s speech.
2. קַ֖יִן (qayin) – Root: קין (q-y-n); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Cain”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
3. אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל (ʾel-heḇel) – Root: הבל (h-b-l); Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “to Abel”; Notes: Indicates the addressee of Cain’s speech.
4. אָחִ֑יו (ʾāḥîw) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Noun, singular masculine with third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his brother”; Notes: Specifies Abel as Cain’s brother.
5. וַֽיְהִי֙ (wayĕhî) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, third masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Marks the beginning of a narrative event.
6. בִּהְיֹותָ֣ם (bihyōṯām) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Preposition בְּ + Qal infinitive construct with third masculine plural suffix; Translation: “when they were”; Notes: Temporal clause.
7. בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה (baśśāḏeh) – Root: שדה (ś-d-h); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun, singular masculine with definite article ה; Translation: “in the field”; Notes: Indicates the location of the event.
8. וַיָּ֥קָם (wayyāqām) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, third masculine singular; Translation: “And he rose up”; Notes: Indicates Cain’s action.
9. קַ֛יִן (qayin) – Root: קין (q-y-n); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Cain”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
10. אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל (ʾel-heḇel) – Root: הבל (h-b-l); Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “against Abel”; Notes: Indicates the target of Cain’s action.
11. אָחִ֖יו (ʾāḥîw) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Noun, singular masculine with third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his brother”; Notes: Identifies Abel as Cain’s brother.
12. וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ (wayyahargehū) – Root: הרג (h-r-g); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, third masculine singular with third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and killed him”; Notes: Describes Cain’s final action toward Abel.

Critical Apparatus :

De Rossi Gen 4:8