Gen. 25:12 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
ואלה תולדת ישמעאל בן אברהם אשר ילדה הגר המצרית שפחת שרה לאברהם
Gen. 25:12 [Masoretic Text]
וְאֵ֛לֶּה תֹּלְדֹ֥ת יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָלְדָ֜ה הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית שִׁפְחַ֥ת שָׂרָ֖ה לְאַבְרָהָֽם׃
And these are the generations of Yishmaʿel, the son of Avraham, whom Hagar the Mitsri woman, the maidservant of Sara, bore to Avraham.
Morphology
- וְאֵ֛לֶּה (v’eleh) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, mp; Translation: “And these”; Notes: Introduces the genealogical account. This verse serves as the introduction to the lineage of Yishma’el, Avraham’s son by Hagar.
- תֹּלְדֹ֥ת (toldot) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Noun, fp construct; Translation: “generations of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants or history of Yishma’el.
- יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל (Yishma’el) – Root: שמע (sh-m-ʿ) + אל (ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Yishma’el”; Notes: Means “God hears.”
- בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם (ben-Avraham) – Root: בן (b-n) + אברהם (ʾ-v-r-h-m); Form: Noun, ms construct + proper noun; Translation: “the son of Avraham”; Notes: Identifies Yishma’el as Avraham’s offspring.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- יָלְדָ֜ה (yaldah) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Verb, qal perfect 3fs; Translation: “bore”; Notes: Refers to Hagar giving birth to Yishma’el.
- הָגָ֧ר (Hagar) – Root: הגר (h-g-r); Form: Proper noun, fs; Translation: “Hagar”; Notes: The mother of Yishma’el.
- הַמִּצְרִ֛ית (ha-Mitsrit) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Adjective, fs definite; Translation: “the Mitsri woman”; Notes: Identifies Hagar as an Egyptian. Hagar’s identity as a Mitsri (Egyptian) and Sarah’s maidservant highlights her social position and the origins of Yishma’el’s line.
- שִׁפְחַ֥ת (shifḥat) – Root: שפח (sh-p-ḥ); Form: Noun, fs construct; Translation: “maidservant of”; Notes: Describes Hagar’s role in Sarah’s household.
- שָׂרָ֖ה (Sarah) – Root: שרה (s-r-h); Form: Proper noun, fs; Translation: “Sarah”; Notes: Avraham’s wife.
- לְאַבְרָהָֽם (l’Avraham) – Root: אברהם (ʾ-v-r-h-m); Form: Proper noun, ms with preposition לְ; Translation: “to Avraham”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the child.
