ࠅࠁࠍࠉ ࠂࠌࠓ ࠀࠔࠊࠍࠆ ࠓࠉࠐࠕ ࠅࠕࠂࠓࠌࠄ
Gen. 10:3 [Samaritan Pentateuch]
And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Rifat, and Togarma.
ובני גמר אשכנז ריפת ותגרמה׃
Gen 10:3 [Masoretic Text]
וּבְנֵ֖י גֹּ֑מֶר אַשְׁכֲּנַ֥ז וְרִיפַ֖ת וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃
And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Rifat, and Togarma.
| Number | Hebrew | Samaritan | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ובני | ࠅࠁࠍࠉ | And the sons |
| 2 | גמר | ࠂࠌࠓ | of Gomer |
| 3 | אשכנז | ࠀࠔࠊࠍࠆ | Ashkenaz |
| 4 | ריפת | ࠓࠉࠐࠕ | Riphath |
| 5 | ותגרמה | ࠅࠕࠂࠓࠌࠄ | and Togarmah |
Morphology
- וּבְנֵ֖י (ūvĕnê) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun construct, plural masculine; Translation: “And the sons of”; Notes: Refers to the offspring of Gomer.
- גֹּ֑מֶר (Gomer) – Root: גמר (g-m-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gomer”; Notes: A descendant of Yefet and progenitor of this lineage.
- אַשְׁכֲּנַ֥ז (ʾaškănaz) – Root: אשכנז (ʾ-š-k-n-z); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ashkenaz”; Notes: A son of Gomer, often associated with early Scythians or northern regions.
- וְרִיפַ֖ת (wĕrîfaṯ) – Root: ריפת (r-y-p-t); Form: Proper noun with prefixed conjunction וְ; Translation: “and Rifat”; Notes: Another son of Gomer, less frequently identified in historical records.
- וְתֹגַרְמָֽה (wĕṯōgarmah) – Root: תגרמה (t-g-r-m-h); Form: Proper noun with prefixed conjunction וְ; Translation: “and Togarmah”; Notes: The third son of Gomer, associated with ancient Anatolian or Armenian peoples.