Genesis 9:22

ࠅࠉࠓࠀ ࠇࠌ ࠀࠁࠉ ࠊࠍࠏࠍ ࠀࠕ ࠏࠓࠅࠕ ࠀࠁࠉࠅ ࠅࠉࠂࠃ ࠋࠔࠍࠉ ࠀࠇࠉࠅ ࠁࠇࠅࠑ

Gen. 9:22 [Samaritan Pentateuch]

וירא חם אבי כנען את ערות אביו ויגד לשני אחיו בחוץ

Gen. 9:22 [Masoretic Text]

וַיַּ֗רְא חָ֚ם אֲבִ֣י כְנַ֔עַן אֵ֖ת עֶרְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑יו וַיַּגֵּ֥ד לִשְׁנֵֽי־אֶחָ֖יו בַּחֽוּץ׃

And Ḥam, the father of Kenaʿan, saw the nakedness of his father, and he told his two brothers outside.

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֗רְא (wayyarʾ) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “and he saw”; Notes: Refers to Ḥam observing his father’s condition.
2. חָ֚ם (ḥām) – Root: חם (ḥ-m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥam”; Notes: One of Noaḥ’s sons.
3. אֲבִ֣י כְנַ֔עַן (ʾăḇi kĕnaʿan) – Root: אב (ʾ-b) + כנען (k-n-ʿ-n); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “the father of Kenaʿan”; Notes: Identifies Ḥam as the ancestor of Kenaʿan.
4. אֵ֖ת (ʾēt) – Root: None; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the object of the verb.
5. עֶרְוַ֣ת (ʿerwat) – Root: ערה (ʿ-r-h); Form: Noun, singular feminine construct; Translation: “the nakedness of”; Notes: Refers to a state of exposure.
6. אָבִ֑יו (ʾāḇiw) – Root: אב (ʾ-b); Form: Noun, singular masculine with third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his father”; Notes: Refers to Noaḥ.
7. וַיַּגֵּ֥ד (wayyaggēḏ) – Root: נגד (n-g-d); Form: Hiphil consecutive imperfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “and he told”; Notes: Indicates reporting the incident to others.
8. לִשְׁנֵֽי־אֶחָ֖יו (lišnē ʾeḥāyw) – Root: שׁנה (š-n-y) + אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Preposition לְ + dual noun in construct with plural noun; Translation: “to his two brothers”; Notes: Refers to Šēm and Yafet.
9. בַּחֽוּץ׃ (baḥūṣ) – Root: חוץ (ḥ-w-ṣ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “outside”; Notes: Indicates the location of Ḥam’s brothers.