ויהי בשחת אלהים את ערי הככר ויזכר אלהים את אברהם וישלח את לוט מתוך ההפכה בהפך את הערים אשר ישב בהן לוט׃
Gen 19:29 [Samaritan]
ויהי בהשחית אלהים את ערי הככר ויזכר אלהים את אברהם וישלח את לוט מתוך האפכה בהפכו את הערים אשר ישב בהן לוט׃
Gen 19:29 [Masoretic]
וַיְהִי בְּשַׁחֵת אֱלֹהִים אֶת־עָרֵי הַכִּכָּר וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת־אַבְרָהָם וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־לֹוט מִתֹּוךְ הַהֲפֵכָה בַּהֲפֹךְ אֶת־הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר־יָשַׁב בָּהֵן לֹֽוט׃
Gen 19:29 [Targum Onkelos]
וַהֲוָה בְּחַבָּלוּת יְיָ יַת קִרְוֵי מֵישְׁרָא וּדְכִיר יְיָ יַת אַבְרָהָם וְשַׁלַּח יַת לוֹט מִגּוֹ הֲפֵכְתָּא כַּד הֲפַךְ יַת קִרְוַיָא דַהֲוָה יָתֵיב בְּהֵין לוֹט׃
Gen 19:29 [Peshitta]
ܘܗܘܼܐ ܕܟܕ ܚܿܒܠ ܐܠܗܐ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܦܩܥܬܐ ܐܬܕܟܪ ܐܠܗܐ ܠܐܒܪܗܡ܂ ܘܫܕܪ ܠܠܘܛ ܡܢ ܓܘ ܗܦܝܟܬܐ܂ ܟܕ ܗܦܼܟ ܩܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܝܬܿܒ ܗܘܐ ܒܗܝܢ ܠܘܛ܂
* ܐܠܗܐ v.l. ܡܪܝܐ
וַיְהִ֗י בְּשַׁחֵ֤ת אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־עָרֵ֣י הַכִּכָּ֔ר וַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיְשַׁלַּ֤ח אֶת־לֹוט֙ מִתֹּ֣וךְ הַהֲפֵכָ֔ה בַּהֲפֹךְ֙ אֶת־הֶ֣עָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־יָשַׁ֥ב בָּהֵ֖ן לֹֽוט׃
And it came to pass, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Avraham and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when He overthrew the cities in which Lot dwelt.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces the narrative of the destruction.
- בְּשַׁחֵ֤ת (beshachet) – Root: שחת (sh-ḥ-t); Form: Verb, Piel, Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “when destroying”; Notes: Refers to God’s act of destruction.
- אֱלֹהִים֙ (Elohim) – Root: אלה (‘-l-h); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to the divine being as the subject of the action.
- אֶת־עָרֵ֣י (et-arei) – Root: עיר (‘-y-r); Form: Definite direct object marker with noun, feminine plural construct; Translation: “the cities of”; Notes: Refers to the cities being destroyed.
- הַכִּכָּ֔ר (hakkikkar) – Root: ככר (k-k-r); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the plain”; Notes: Indicates the region of Sodom and Gomorrah.
- וַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר (vayyizkor) – Root: זכר (z-k-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and remembered”; Notes: Refers to God’s covenantal memory of Avraham.
- אֱלֹהִ֖ים (Elohim) – Root: אלה (‘-l-h); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Reiterates the subject of the narrative.
- אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם (et-Avraham) – Root: אברם (ʾ-v-r-m); Form: Proper noun with definite direct object marker; Translation: “Avraham”; Notes: Refers to the patriarch who interceded for the cities.
- וַיְשַׁלַּ֤ח (vayyeshalach) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Piel, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and sent”; Notes: Refers to God’s act of delivering Lot.
- אֶת־לֹוט֙ (et-Lot) – Root: לוט (L-w-ṭ); Form: Proper noun with definite direct object marker; Translation: “Lot”; Notes: Refers to the man saved by God.
- מִתֹּ֣וךְ (mitokh) – Root: תוך (t-w-k); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “out of the midst of”; Notes: Indicates Lot’s location within the destruction.
- הַהֲפֵכָ֔ה (hahafeikhah) – Root: הפך (h-p-k); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the overthrow”; Notes: Refers to the destruction of the cities.
- בַּהֲפֹךְ֙ (bahafokh) – Root: הפך (h-p-k); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “when He overthrew”; Notes: Describes God’s act of judgment.
- אֶת־הֶ֣עָרִ֔ים (et-he’arim) – Root: עיר (‘-y-r); Form: Definite direct object marker with noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the cities”; Notes: Refers to the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (‘-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Links the cities to Lot’s residence.
- יָשַׁ֥ב (yashav) – Root: ישב (y-sh-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he dwelt”; Notes: Refers to Lot’s residence in the cities.
- בָּהֵ֖ן (bahein) – Root: בה (b-h); Form: Preposition with 3fp suffix; Translation: “in them”; Notes: Refers to the cities where Lot lived.
- לֹֽוט (Lot) – Root: לוט (L-w-ṭ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Lot”; Notes: Emphasizes Lot as the one saved by God.
