וַיַּ֤רְא רֵאשִׁית֙ לֹ֔ו כִּי־שָׁ֛ם חֶלְקַ֥ת מְחֹקֵ֖ק סָפ֑וּן וַיֵּתֵא֙ רָ֣אשֵׁי עָ֔ם צִדְקַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֖יו עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ס
And he saw the first for himself, for there was the portion of the lawgiver hidden; and he came with the heads of the people, he executed the righteousness of YHWH, and His judgments with Yisraʾel.”
Morphology
- וַיַּ֤רְא (vayyaʾar) – Root: רָאָה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Describes perceiving or recognizing something.
- רֵאשִׁית֙ (reʾshit) – Root: רֵאשִׁית (r-ʾ-sh-y-t); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “the first” or “beginning”; Notes: Refers to the foremost or initial portion.
- לֹ֔ו (lo) – Root: לוֹ (l-w); Form: Preposition לְ (“to/for”) + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun; Translation: “for himself”; Notes: Indicates possession or benefit.
- כִּי־שָׁ֛ם (ki-sham) – Root: כִּי (k-y), שָׁם (sh-m); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “for there”; Notes: Indicates cause and location.
- חֶלְקַ֥ת (ḥelqat) – Root: חֵלֶק (ḥ-l-q); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the portion of”; Notes: Refers to an allocated part.
- מְחֹקֵ֖ק (meḥoqeq) – Root: חָקַק (ḥ-q-q); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “the lawgiver”; Notes: Describes one who enacts laws.
- סָפ֑וּן (safun) – Root: צָפַן (ts-f-n); Form: Qal passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “hidden”; Notes: Refers to something concealed or stored.
- וַיֵּתֵא֙ (vayyeteʾ) – Root: יָתָה (y-t-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he came”; Notes: Indicates movement or approach.
- רָ֣אשֵׁי (rashei) – Root: רֹאשׁ (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the heads of”; Notes: Refers to leaders or chiefs.
- עָ֔ם (ʿam) – Root: עַם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to a group or nation.
- צִדְקַ֤ת (tsidqat) – Root: צֶדֶק (ts-d-q); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the righteousness of”; Notes: Denotes justice or moral virtue.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: Divine name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to the covenant name of God.
- עָשָׂ֔ה (ʿasah) – Root: עָשָׂה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he executed”; Notes: Indicates the performance or carrying out of an action.
- וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֖יו (umishpatav) – Root: מִשְׁפָּט (m-sh-p-t); Form: Conjunction וְ (“and”) + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and His judgments”; Notes: Refers to legal decisions or decrees.
- עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (ʿim-Yisra’el) – Root: עִם (ʿ-m), יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra’el); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “with Yisra’el”; Notes: Indicates companionship or relationship with the nation of Israel.